An electronic device includes: a display device, a processor operatively connected to the display device, and a memory operatively connected to the processor. The memory stores one or more instructions that when executed, cause the processor to: determine, as a second screen code value, a code value obtained by reducing a first screen code value corresponding to a luminance value of a screen of the display device by a decrement based on the screen being maintained in a turned on state during a first specific time after a screen-off condition of the display device is satisfied, and change the luminance value of the screen to correspond to the determined second screen code value.