A bandwidth measurement method includes sending a first test packet on a test path that includes a to-be-measured link, sending a second test packet on the test path, setting at least one of a quantity of label layers in a first segment routing (SR) label or a quantity of label layers in a second SR label as a reference quantity of label layers for bandwidth measurement, and determining an available bandwidth on the to-be-measured link based on the reference quantity of label layers in response to the to-be-measured link failing to be congested with first test packets and being congested with second test packets. The first test packet includes the first SR label that indicates a forwarding relationship of the first test packet on the to-be-measured link. The second test packet includes a second SR label that indicates a forwarding relationship of the second test packet on the to-be-measured link.