Disclosed is an item transport system. The item transport system includes: a control server, at least one carrying robot, at least one storage container and at least one picking container. The control server obtains order information and container information of items to be transported and integrates the order information with the container information to provide transport information for the at least one carrying robot. The storage container and the picking container are both configured to accommodate items to be stored and items to be picked interchangeably. The carrying robot carries the storage container or the picking container based on the transport information received from the control server. Further disclosed is an item transport method.