The present disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4th generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). The present disclosure is to transmit a downlink control channel in a wireless communication system. An operation method of a base station comprises the steps of: transmitting information on a configuration of a control channel using a plurality of transmission beams; transmitting control information through the control channel, using the plurality of transmission beams; and transmitting data through a data channel allocated by the control information, using at least one of the plurality of transmission beams.