A dental glass ionomer cement composition that exhibits high mechanical properties. In particular, the dental glass ionomer cement composition of the present disclosure comprising (a) non-crosslinked polyalkenoic acid, (b) water, (c) crosslinked polyalkenoic acid: 0.01 to 10 wt. %, and (d) acid-reactive glass powder, exhibits extremely high compressive strength by including the crosslinked polyalkenoic acid in the specified content range.