A thermal imaging system for a cooking appliance is capable of being calibrated for any arrangement of cooktop burners disposed on a surface of a cooking appliance. A thermal imaging system can be calibrated by processing a received thermal scan of a surface of a cooking appliance having a particular cooktop arrangement to identify a plurality of cooktop burners on the surface of the cooking appliance for the particular arrangement, determine a number of cooktop burners in the particular arrangement, and determine one or more locations of the cooktop to assign to each of the cooktop burners. Further, the determined one or more locations assigned to each of the cooktop burners can be stored in association with a respective cooktop burner. Once calibrated, the thermal imaging system can calculate a temperature for each of the cooktop burners to be used in performing subsequent control and/or safety functions.