The present invention provides a steel sheet plated with aluminum-iron and a preparation method therefor, the steel sheet comprising: a base steel sheet; and a plated layer formed on the surface of the base steel sheet and comprising: an alloyed layer containing at least one of Fe3Al, FeAl(Si), Fe2Al5, and FeAl3; and an aluminum layer formed on the alloyed layer and having a thickness less than 10% of that of the plated layer, wherein the plated layer is 20-35 μm in thickness and contains 1-20 wt % of Mg as measured by GDS at a position 0.1 μm deep from the surface of the plated layer and 10 wt % of oxygen as measured by GDS at a position 0.1 μm deep from the surface of the plated layer.