An embodiment inertial measurement system includes: at least one motion sensor to output motion data with an output data rate (ODR) period; and a control unit coupled to the motion sensor to control operation thereof based on a power mode switching, according to which each ODR period includes: a first phase, in which the motion sensor is controlled in a condition of low power consumption; and a subsequent measurement phase, in which the motion sensor is controlled to perform measurements for generation of measurement data. The control unit adaptively adjusts the duration of the ODR period based on at least one check related to the measurement data generated during the measurement phase.