The present disclosure provides systems and methods that include or otherwise leverage a machine-learned brain injury location model to predict locations of brain injury in a patient based on test data associated with the patient, such as, for example, behavioral test data. For example, the machine-learned brain injury location model can be trained on training data associated with a corpus of patients, where the training data includes sets of example test data (e.g., behavioral test data) respectively labeled with ground truth brain injury locations.