An artificial intelligence (AI) mobile robot and a method of controlling the same for learning an obstacle are configured to capture an image while traveling through an image acquirer, to store a plurality of captured image data, to determine an obstacle from image data, to set a response motion corresponding to the obstacle, and to operate the set response motion depending on the obstacle, and thus, the obstacle is recognized through the captured image data, the obstacle is easily determined by repeatedly learning an image, and the obstacle is determined before the obstacle is detected or from a time point of detecting the obstacle to perform an operation of a response motion, and even if the same detection signal is input when a plurality of different obstacles is detected, the obstacle is determined through the image and different operations are performed depending on the obstacle to respond to various obstacles, and accordingly, the obstacle is effectively avoided and an operation is performed depending on a type of the obstacle.