A video decoding method includes: when a current block satisfies a preconfigured condition, parsing a first syntax element indicating whether the current block is split into a plurality of sub-blocks; when the first syntax element indicates that the current block is split, parsing a second syntax element indicating whether the current block is split using a quad-tree structure; when the second syntax element indicates that the current block is not split using the quad-tree structure, parsing at least one of a third syntax element indicating whether the current block is split using a binary-tree structure or a ternary-tree structure and a fourth syntax element indicating a split direction of the current block; and determining a split mode of the current block based on at least one of the first syntax element, the second syntax element, the third syntax element and the fourth syntax element.