As a novel vinylidene fluoride polymer and its use, provided are a binder composition, an electrode mixture, an electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the vinylidene fluoride containing the vinylidene fluoride polymer. The vinylidene fluoride polymer includes a first structural unit derived from vinylidene fluoride and a second structural unit derived from a monomer other than vinylidene fluoride. The monomer to be the second structural unit is a primary amine, a secondary amine, or a tertiary amine having at least one of a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, and the content of the second structural unit is from 0.05 to 20 mol % when the total of structural units derived from all the monomers constituting the vinylidene fluoride polymer is 100 mol %.