The present invention discloses a device and method for installing and adjusting a sliding block of a multipoint crank press. The device comprises a crank, a connecting rod with an end provided with a U-shaped notch, a sliding block and an eccentric pin shaft micro-adjustment mechanism. The eccentric pin shaft micro-adjustment mechanism is installed at the joint between the connecting rod and the sliding block. The crank, the connecting rod and the sliding block of the multipoint press are normally machined and installed through a classical process, so that the sliding block of the multipoint press runs to a bottom dead center. A gap among mechanisms is eliminated through the loading by a hydraulic loader. The position of one set of crank, connecting rod and sliding block mechanism is taken as a reference, and then the eccentric positions and directions of the eccentric pin shafts at other adjustment positions are finely adjusted, thus realizing high-precision assembly and operation of the multipoint press.