Optical devices and cognitive prosthetics based on novel components for enhanced human vision, selective video/television display, digital processing and/or unique image analysis to modify the image that a user sees and significantly improve the perception of that user are disclosed. What the user sees is responsive to specific perceptual and informational needs of the user in real time. Devices from the parent patents are herein made both more useful in practical day-to-day use and are more widely applicable to improving the ability of a user to perceive visual stimuli.