The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating cell proliferative diseases comprising a feather of birds and a scale of fish, a scale transformed from the dermis, a degenerated or cornified variant of a scale, or a scale or horny scale of reptiles as an active ingredient. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating cell proliferative diseases comprising a mixture of 70˜85 weight % of a feather of birds and 15˜30 weight % of a scale of fish, a scale transformed from the dermis, a degenerated or cornified variant of a scale, or a scale or horny scale of reptiles as an active ingredient. The inventive composition has the effect of inhibiting and preventing growth of cancer cells. Accordingly, the inventive composition may be used for anticancer purposes to prevent, ameliorate or treat cancer.