The present disclosure provides a system and method for image data acquisition. The method may include acquiring physiological data of a subject. The physiological data may correspond to a motion of the subject over time. The method may include obtaining a trained machine learning model configured to detect feature data represented in the physiological data. The method may include determining, based on the physiological data, an output result of the trained machine learning model that is generated based on the feature data. The method may include acquiring, based on the output result, image data of the subject using an imaging device.