Techniques are described for domain adaptation of image processing models using post-processing model correction According to an embodiment, a method comprises training, by a system operatively coupled to a processor, a post-processing model to correct an image-based inference output of a source image processing model that results from application of the source image processing model to a target image from a target domain that differs from a source domain, wherein the source image processing model was trained on source images from the source domain. In one or more implementations, the source imaging processing model comprises an organ segmentation model and the post-processing model can comprise a shape-autoencoder. The method further comprises applying, by the system, the source image processing model and the post-processing model to target images from the target domain to generate optimized image-based inference outputs for the target images.