A vortex-induced vibration power generation device with a magnetic boundary structure, including upper and lower opposite groups of fixed sleeves. Each fixed sleeve includes two vertical sleeves. The vertical sleeves are hollow cavities, and include sealed ends and open ends. Rotating magnetic poles are arranged in the sealed ends of the vertical sleeves. Coil slots are formed in the inner walls of the vertical sleeves. Coil windings are mounted in the coil slots. The vortex-induced vibration power generation device further includes linear bearings. The end portions of the linear bearings are fixedly connected with the open ends of the vertical sleeves through flanges. A vibration mechanism includes a vibration rod and vibration guide rods fixedly connected with the vibration rod. Magnetic coil mounting slots and anti-falling rings are arranged on the vibration guide rods. Magnetic coils are mounted in the magnetic coil mounting slots.