A sound quality evaluation method and a sound quality evaluation system using same are provided. The sound quality evaluation system records playback of a test audio file on a plurality of playback devices to generate a plurality of pieces of audio data, and divides the audio data into a plurality of frequency bands. The sound quality evaluation system calculates the frequency bands to obtain a plurality of evaluation scores of the playback devices. The sound quality evaluation system captures sound quality ranking information corresponding to the playback devices from a reference source, and adjusts the evaluation scores according to the sound quality ranking information, to further obtain a reference model. The sound quality evaluation system adjusts correspondingly evaluation scores of a plurality of to-be-tested playback devices according to the reference model, to obtain sound quality ranking information of the to-be-tested playback devices.