Techniques and solutions are described that can be used to determine data subsets of a data set that may be responsive to a query. In one aspect, imprints are created for the data subsets, where an imprint indicates whether, for a plurality of bins, a data subset contains values within respective bins. The bins are defined at least in part using data for a set of queries. In another aspect, at least one bin of a plurality of bins is designated to be associated with values of the data set satisfying a threshold frequency. In a further aspect, imprints are created for a plurality of bins, where an imprint indicates whether the plurality of data subsets comprise a value for a given bin. A query imprint can be compared with the data subset imprints or bin imprints to determine data subsets that may be responsive to an associated query.