Various embodiments relate to a superlattice photodetector and a method of manufacturing the same. The superlattice photodetector includes an absorption layer for absorbing incident light and a waveguide layer coupled with the absorption layer and enabling the incident light to be waveguided within the absorption layer. The waveguide layer may include a periodic structure in which a plurality of metal patterns and a plurality of dielectric patterns are repeatedly arranged. According to various embodiments, the superlattice photodetector can be thinned while having improved performance.