Systems and methods for interpreting high-energy interactions on a sample are described in this application. In particular, this application describes an analysis method that comprises impinging radiation from a source on an analyte, detecting the energy interactions resulting from the impinging radiation using a radiation detector, adjusting the signal from the radiation detector using a machine learning module to emphasize specific parts of the detector signal, training the machine learning module in a supervised or unsupervised manner, producing quantitative and qualitative models using the machine leaning module, and then applying the machine learning module to additional energy interactions. The signal received by the detector can be preprocessed to emphasize specific parts of the detector signal, which is then mapped to a machine learning module for training in a supervised or unsupervised manner. The quantitative and qualitative models derived from this training can be applied to new detector inputs from the same or similar instruments. Other embodiments are described.