This application provides a wireless data terminal and a wireless data terminal control system. The wireless data terminal includes a housing, a drive assembly, a first antenna assembly, and a second antenna assembly. The drive assembly can drive the first antenna assembly and the second antenna assembly to extend or retract to move in different directions between a first location and a second location. When the wireless data terminal does not need to be used or high isolation between antennas is not required, the drive assembly may drive the antenna assembly to retract to the first location, so that a volume occupied by the wireless data terminal can be reduced while an antenna isolation requirement is met. When high isolation between the antennas is required, the drive assembly may drive the antenna assembly to extend to the second location, so that isolation between the antennas is increased.