Provided are an imaging method and apparatus for a self-luminous object on a biological sample film (A); said imaging apparatus comprises a housing (1), a photographic conversion element (2), and an image correction device (3); the inside of the housing (1) forms a darkroom space; the photographic conversion element (2) is arranged in the housing (1); the photographic conversion element (2) is used, when the biological sample film (A) is not inserted, for obtaining a first dark field image inside the housing (1); after affixing the biological sample film (A) to the surface of the photographic conversion element (2), the photographic conversion element (2) is also used for obtaining a second dark field image inside the housing (1); the image correction device (3) is used for correcting the second dark field image according to the first dark field image to obtain a target image corresponding to the self-luminous object. The imaging apparatus and imaging method can effectively and more accurately obtain a higher-definition target image of the self-luminous object; the operation process is simple and the time required for imaging is short; furthermore, the imaging apparatus has the advantages of a small structure, low cost of manufacture, convenient operation, and portability.