The present disclosure provides a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system includes a base station and a user equipment. The base station is configured to support dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) between a first network and a second network. The user equipment is configured to communicate with the base station based on the first network. The base station is further configured to puncture allocation of a first reference signal when performing resource allocation on a first control channel in a case where a resource to be allocated to the first reference signal corresponding to the first network overlaps with resource allocated to a second reference signal corresponding to the second network. The user equipment is further configured to receive the first control channel and perform channel estimation for the first network, taking into account the first reference signal that has been punctured.