An apparatus and method for real-time in-situ simultaneous measurement of temperature and mechanical parameters can include a charge type vibration sensing module having a temperature compensation function and a temperature/vibration coplanarly-integrated wireless surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensing module are controlled by a processing module in which a full-range temperature-vibration composite parameter compensation decoupling method is implanted, which can detect a vibration signal in a variable temperature environment. Moreover, temperature and vibration multi-parameter testing of static components in a high-temperature, narrow and closed environment can be implemented by arranging the charge type vibration sensing module having a temperature compensation function, and the temperature/vibration coplanarly-integrated wireless SAW sensing module implements health monitoring of moving components in a high-temperature and high-rotation environment.