This application discloses a device management method, apparatus, system, and device, and a storage medium. The method includes: obtaining, by a first network device, an extended YANG model file from a second network device, where the extended YANG model file includes a self-explanation tag, and the self-explanation tag is used to label network operation and maintenance data; obtaining the self-explanation tag from the extended YANG model file; and managing the second network device based on the self-explanation tag. The network operation and maintenance data is labeled by using the self-explanation tag. This facilitates device management such as data collection and is not prone to errors, thereby not only achieving relatively high management accuracy, but also improving management efficiency.