Provided are a method and apparatus for supporting vehicle communication in a wireless communication system. The method includes: configuring vehicle-to-everything (V2X) sidelink communication to be performed at a predetermined frequency, in a radio resource control (RRC) inactive mode; receiving system information from a base station; identifying whether the system information includes a V2X sidelink transmission resource pool associated with the predetermined frequency; identifying whether a triggering condition of a radio access network (RAN)-based notification area (RNA) update (RNAU) is satisfied; determining whether to perform the RNAU, based on results of identifying whether the system information includes the V2X sidelink transmission resource pool and whether the triggering condition of the RNAU is satisfied; and resuming RRC connection with the base station, based on a result of the determining.