The present disclosure discloses a sample preliminary screening chip, a specimen detecting method and a screening device. A data processor may be configured to control a sample solution containing a specimen to be added into a preliminary screening inlet of the sample preliminary screening chip, and control the sample solution in the preliminary screening inlet to enter a channel, successively to flow through a first preliminary screening area and a second preliminary screening area, and to flow out from a preliminary screening outlet so as to store a liquid with the specimen in a first preliminary screening area. In this way, the liquid containing the specimen may be screened preliminarily.