Disclosed are a method and apparatus for determining a position of a Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) device in a wireless communication system according to various embodiments. Disclosed are a method and apparatus, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a first signal from a first road side unit (RSU) and a second signal from a second RSU through a first antenna and a second antenna distributed over a predetermined distance; measuring a first time difference that is a reception time difference for the first signal and a second time difference that is a reception time difference for the second signal between the first antenna and the second antenna; and determining the position of the V2X device on the basis of the first time difference and the second time difference.