The planographic printing plate precursor of the invention includes a recording layer capable of forming an image upon irradiation with infrared rays, wherein the recording layer comprises (A) an alkali-soluble resin having, in a main chain, a structural unit containing at least one type of bond selected from an amide bond, urea bond, urethane bond and ester bond and having at least one type of acid group selected from a phenolic hydroxyl group, sulfonamide group and active imide group, and (B) an infrared absorbing agent. The invention provides a positive-working planographic printing plate precursor excellent in printing durability and chemical resistance.