In a method for producing a honeycomb structure 20 which comprises disposing a material for forming outer wall 11 on the outer peripheral surface 3 of a cell structure 1 having a plurality of cells serving as fluid flowing channels to produce a cell structure being provided with a material for forming outer wall 10 and firing the resulting cell structure being provided with a material for forming outer wall 10, wherein a cell structure being provided with a material for forming outer wall 10 in which the absolute value of the difference between the volumetric shrinkage percentage (firing shrinkage percentage) before and after firing of the cell structure 1 and the firing shrinkage percentage of the material for forming outer wall 11 is not more than 0.5% is produced and fired. There is provided a method for producing a honeycomb structure which comprises providing an outer wall on the outer peripheral surface and firing it, according to which the outer wall hardly cracks during firing and high-strength and large-sized honeycomb structure can be produced, and further provided is a high-strength and large-sized honeycomb structure in which the outer wall hardly cracks during firing.