The invention relates to a carbon material for forming a battery electrode, comprising carbon powder having a homogeneous structure which is produced by causing an organic compound, serving as a ra.w material of a polymer, to deposit onto and/or permeate into carbonaceous particles, and subsequently polymerizing the organic compound, followed by thermal treatment at a temperature of 1,800 to 3,300° C., which comprises a structure which is substantially uniform throughout the entirety of the particle from the surface to the central core where a graphite crystal structure region and an amorphous structure region are distributed. By using the material, a battery having high discharging capacity and low irreversible capacity, with excellent coulombic efficiency and excellent cycle characteristics can be fabricated. The carbon material of the invention may contain carbon fiber filaments. Average roundness, BET specific surface area, true density, laser Roman R value, and average particle size were investigated.