A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed between the positive and negative electrodes, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive and negative electrodes are wound together with the separator. The negative electrode includes composite particles and a binder. Each of the composite particles includes: a negative electrode active material including an element capable of being alloyed with lithium; carbon nanofibers that are grown from a surface of the negative electrode active material; and a catalyst element for promoting the growth of the carbon nanofibers. The binder comprises a polymer having at least one selected from the group consisting of an acrylic acid unit, an acrylic acid salt unit, an acrylic acid ester unit, a mathacrylic acid unit, a methacrylic acid salt unit, and a mathacrylic acid ester unit.