An image carrier includes a conductive base material and a photosensitive layer formed on the base material. The photosensitive layer has an outermost surface layer that contains particles having a number-averaged particle sphericality represented by Formula (1) of approximately 0.7 or less: sphericality=4πA/L2 (1), where π represents the circular constant, A represents the projection area of the particle, and L represents the peripheral length of the projected particle image.