A polyurethane resin is synthesized from a compound represented by the following Formula (1), a polymerizable composition includes the polyurethane resin, a planographic printing plate precursor includes a photosensitive layer including the composition, and a method produces a diol compound that can be used as a raw material of the polyurethane resin. In Formula (1), R1 and R2 each independently represent a single bond or an alkylene group optionally having a substituent, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, R4 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and A represents a divalent or higher linking group, provided that R1 and R2 are not both a single bond.