The present invention provides a transparent inorganic oxide dispersion which makes it possible to improve the refractive index and mechanical characteristics and to maintain transparency by modifying the surface of inorganic oxide particles with a surface modifier having one or more reactive functional groups; and an inorganic oxide particle-containing resin composition in which the transparent inorganic oxide dispersion and a resin are compositely integrated by the polymerization reaction, a composition for sealing a light emitting element, a light emitting element, and a method for producing an inorganic oxide particle-containing resin composition; and a hard coat film which has high transparency and makes it possible to improve a refractive index and tenacity, an optical functional film, an optical lens and an optical component. The transparent inorganic oxide dispersion of the present invention comprises inorganic oxide particles which have a surface modified with a surface modifier having one or more reactive functional groups and have a disperse particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 20 nm or less, and a disperse medium, wherein the surface modifier is one or more kinds selected from the group consisting of a silane coupling agent, a modified silicone, and a surfactant.