This invention discloses a detection method for an ion migration spectrum which comprises: acquiring an ion migration spectrum of pure carrier gas and an ion migration spectrum of carrier gas containing a test substance sample; and performing differential process on the ion migration spectrum of said pure carrier gas and the ion migration spectrum of the carrier gas containing the test substance sample to acquire a differential spectrum, wherein the value of a characteristic peak of said differential spectrum represents properties of said sample of substances, said method avoids interferences on the migration spectrum from interference sources of the apparatus itself, thereby improving detection sensitivity and accuracy of the ion migration spectrum; and migration spectrum shift caused by variations in the environmental conditions can be found and corrected through the differential process on the migration spectrum of the pure carrier gas, thereby achieving self-stableness and self-correction of the ion migration spectrometer. This invention further discloses an ion migration spectrum detector and an ion migration spectrometer using said method.