A hair braiding machine makes it possible to mechanically braid hair in a short period of time and to stably braid hair regardless of the state of hair. The hair braiding machine includes a pair of stationary rotors, which is rotated in opposite directions by driving of a motor and has a plurality of insertion recesses along an outer circumference thereof at regular intervals, a plurality of movable rotors, which is inserted into insertion recesses of the stationary rotors along orbital tracks, makes a circular motion along the orbital tracks by means of a rotating force of the stationary rotors, and includes a fastener at an upper portion thereof to and from which a hair holding unit holding hairs to be braided is coupled and decoupled, and a guide, which is installed at the intersections of circles of an upper orbital hole, changes a path of each movable rotor reaching one of the intersections in a diagonal direction by one of the stationary rotors, and guides the movable rotor, the path of which is changed, to make a circular motion by means of the other stationary rotor.