An optically active 2,2′-biphenol derivative and a production method that enables simple and efficient production of this compound. More specifically, an optically active biphenol derivative represented by the following formulas (1) and (2), a method for optically resolving a biphenol derivative represented by formula (2′), a production method of an optically active biphenol derivative (1) comprising a step for reacting a Brønsted acid with a biphenol derivative (2), and a production method of an optically active biphenol derivative (3) comprising a step for reacting a Lewis acid with an optically active biphenol derivative (1) or an optically active biphenol derivative (2). In the following formulas, R represents, for example, a primary or secondary alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, * represents an axially asymmetric center, X represents a halogen atom, and R2 represents a tertiary alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms.