The invention relates to a process for neutralization of a cationic zeolite that is at least partially exchanged with one or more monovalent and/or multivalent cations. The neutralization process comprises at least the stages for dissolution of a basic salt in an anhydrous organic solvent, degassing this solution by bubbling a dry inert gas, suspending the zeolite in this solution under dry inert gas, filtering and washing the solid by an anhydrous organic solvent, and calcination in the presence of oxygen and under a dry gaseous stream. The invention also relates to the use of neutralized zeolites for the separation or the purification of hydrocarbon feedstocks.