Various embodiments of the present invention employ a mechanical rotor-based device that subjects a liquid fuel to fluid-shear forces and cavitation in order to reclaim the fuel by removing impurities and by additional fuel-reformation processing. In certain embodiments of the present invention, rotor-based device can be mounted within a vehicle or other mobile device to provide or facilitate on-board fuel reclamation and reformation. Other embodiments include larger-scale, stationary rotor-based devices for fuel reclamation and reformation in plants, depots, manufacturing and transportation facilities, and in other energy-consuming facilities.