The invention provides a chlorine production catalyst that shows excellent reaction activity in the oxidation reaction of hydrogen chloride with oxygen into chlorine, is inexpensive and can be supplied stably, and is suited for use in a fluidized-bed reactor. The invention also provides a chlorine production process using the catalyst. The chlorine production catalyst of the invention includes spherical particles containing copper element (A), an alkali metal element (B) and a lanthanoid element (C) and having an average sphericity of not less than 0.80. The lanthanoid element (C) has a bond dissociation energy with oxygen at 298 K of 100 to 185 kcal/mol. The content of the copper element (A) in the catalyst is 0.3 wt % to 4.5 wt %.