A carbon material and a method of manufacturing the carbon material are provided that can improve hardness and physical properties while fully gaining the benefit of SPS method, which makes it possible to obtain a dense carbon material with very short time.The carbon material is manufactured by a first step of filling mixture powder containing a carbon aggregate and a binder in a mold, and a second step of sintering the mixture powder by a spark plasma sintering method while compressing the mixture powder. The carbon material is characterized by having a Shore hardness HSD value of 60 or greater, and having a thermal expansion anisotropy ratio, an electrical resistivity anisotropy ratio, or a thermal conductivity anisotropy ratio, of 1.5 or greater.