Implementations include methods and systems for a converting reference images or video to 3D images or video. A two-step conversion is described which accomplishes warping and hole filling on a pixel-by-pixel basis. In one implementation, of a plurality of pixel values of a reference image at a plurality of first collinear pixels locations are successively mapped to a respective plurality of second pixel locations of a destination image. Between two of the mappings, a location of a hole between two of the second pixel locations may be identified and filled.