Provided is a battery cell protection device for a vehicle equipped with a battery pack composed of battery cells and a battery management system that manages power of the battery pack. In particular, the battery cell protection device includes a wiring harness accommodating a plurality of wires connecting the battery cell with the battery management system; and fuses disposed on the wires of the wiring harness. These fuse are configured to be cut by an abnormally high voltage so that when an external impact or shock is applied to the cell module, ignition of an explosion due to a short circuit in the wires connected with the batter cells is precluded, thereby ensuring driver and passenger safety.