An apparatus for allocating base station resources based on virtualization. The apparatus includes a virtual scheduling part configured to comprise virtual schedulers each of which is operated for each of mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) and performs virtual scheduling based on characteristics of a mobile service provided by each of the MVNOs, and to request resource allocation according to a virtual scheduling result; a physical scheduling part configured to comprise a channel scheduler and a quality of service (QoS) scheduler and allocate physical resources using either the channel scheduler or the QoS scheduler according to the virtual scheduling result, in response to the request for resource allocation from the virtual scheduler; and a control agent configured to interface between the virtual scheduling part and the physical scheduling part.