An object of the present invention is to provide a golf ball resin composition having high resilience and flexibility. The present invention provides a golf ball resin composition, comprising (A) at least one resin component selected from the group consisting of (a-1) a binary copolymer, (a-2) an ionomer resin consisting of a metal ion-neutralized product of a binary copolymer, (a-3) a ternary copolymer, and (a-4) an ionomer resin consisting of a metal ion-neutralized product of a ternary copolymer, (B) a saturated fatty acid, (C) an unsaturated fatty acid, and (D) an unsaturated aliphatic polycarboxylic acid; comprising (B) the saturated fatty acid, (C) the unsaturated fatty acid and (D) the unsaturated aliphatic polycarboxylic acid in a total amount ranging from 80 parts by mass to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of (A) the resin component; and having a neutralization degree of more than 80 mole %.