Compositions and methods are provided for improving canine exercise performance. The compositions are pre-exercise supplements that generally comprise (a) about 35% to about 60% protein or amino acids, comprising one or more structural proteins, one or more bioavailable proteins and one or more branched chain amino acids; (b) about 20% to about 38% fat, comprising at least one source of medium chain triglycerides; and (c) about 5% to about 25% carbohydrate. The methods involve administering the supplement to the animal within about 30-60 minutes before the beginning of the exercise session. The supplements can be administered in conjunction with one or more other exercise performance-enhancing or recovery agents.