Provided are a method and apparatus for processing a convolution operation in a neural network, the method includes determining operands from input feature maps and kernels, on which a convolution operation is to be performed, dispatching operand pairs combined from the determined operands to multipliers in a convolution operator, generating outputs by performing addition and accumulation operations with respect to results of multiplication operations, and obtaining pixel values of output feature maps corresponding to a result of the convolution operation based on the generated outputs.